Изменения в поведении: приложения для Android 15 или более поздней версии.

Как и в предыдущих версиях, Android 15 включает изменения в поведении, которые могут повлиять на ваше приложение. Следующие изменения в поведении применяются исключительно к приложениям, предназначенным для Android 15 и более поздних версий. Если ваше приложение предназначено для Android 15 и более поздних версий, вам следует изменить его для корректной поддержки этих изменений, где это применимо.

Обязательно ознакомьтесь со списком изменений поведения, которые влияют на все приложения, работающие на Android 15, независимо от targetSdkVersion вашего приложения.

Основная функциональность

Android 15 изменяет или расширяет различные основные возможности системы Android.

Изменения в приоритетных службах

We are making the following changes to foreground services with Android 15.

• Data sync foreground service timeout behavior
• New media processing foreground service type
• Restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services
• Restrictions on starting foreground services while an app holds the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission

Data sync foreground service timeout behavior

Android 15 introduces a new timeout behavior to dataSync for apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35) or higher. This behavior also applies to the new mediaProcessing foreground service type.

The system permits an app's dataSync services to run for a total of 6 hours in a 24-hour period, after which the system calls the running service's Service.onTimeout(int, int) method (introduced in Android 15). At this time, the service has a few seconds to call Service.stopSelf(). When Service.onTimeout() is called, the service is no longer considered a foreground service. If the service does not call Service.stopSelf(), the system throws an internal exception. The exception is logged in Logcat with the following message:

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type dataSync did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

To avoid problems with this behavior change, you can do one or more of the following:

1. Have your service implement the new Service.onTimeout(int, int) method. When your app receives the callback, make sure to call stopSelf() within a few seconds. (If you don't stop the app right away, the system generates a failure.)
2. Make sure your app's dataSync services don't run for more than a total of 6 hours in any 24-hour period (unless the user interacts with the app, resetting the timer).
3. Only start dataSync foreground services as a result of direct user interaction; since your app is in the foreground when the service starts, your service has the full six hours after the app goes to the background.
4. Instead of using a dataSync foreground service, use an alternative API.

If your app's dataSync foreground services have run for 6 hours in the last 24, you cannot start another dataSync foreground service unless the user has brought your app to the foreground (which resets the timer). If you try to start another dataSync foreground service, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException with an error message like "Time limit already exhausted for foreground service type dataSync".

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable data sync timeouts even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable timeouts, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

You can also adjust the timeout period, to make it easier to test how your app behaves when the limit is reached. To set a new timeout period, run the following adb command:

adb shell device_config put activity_manager data_sync_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

New media processing foreground service type

В Android 15 представлен новый тип службы переднего плана — mediaProcessing . Этот тип службы подходит для таких операций, как перекодирование медиафайлов. Например, мультимедийное приложение может загрузить аудиофайл, и ему необходимо преобразовать его в другой формат перед воспроизведением. Вы можете использовать службу переднего плана mediaProcessing чтобы гарантировать, что преобразование продолжается, даже когда приложение находится в фоновом режиме.

Система разрешает службам mediaProcessing приложения работать в общей сложности 6 часов в течение 24-часового периода, после чего система вызывает метод Service.onTimeout(int, int) работающей службы (представленный в Android 15). В это время у службы есть несколько секунд для вызова Service.stopSelf() . Если служба не вызывает Service.stopSelf() , система выдает внутреннее исключение. Исключение регистрируется в Logcat со следующим сообщением:

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type mediaProcessing did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

Чтобы избежать исключения, вы можете сделать одно из следующих действий:

1. Пусть ваш сервис реализует новый метод Service.onTimeout(int, int) . Когда ваше приложение получит обратный вызов, обязательно вызовите stopSelf() в течение нескольких секунд. (Если вы не остановите приложение сразу, система выдаст ошибку.)
2. Убедитесь, что службы mediaProcessing вашего приложения не работают более 6 часов в течение любого 24-часового периода (если только пользователь не взаимодействует с приложением, сбрасывая таймер).
3. Запускайте службы переднего плана mediaProcessing только в результате прямого взаимодействия с пользователем; поскольку ваше приложение находится на переднем плане при запуске службы, у вашей службы есть полные шесть часов после того, как приложение перейдет в фоновый режим.
4. Вместо использования службы переднего плана mediaProcessing используйте альтернативный API , например WorkManager.

Если службы переднего плана mediaProcessing вашего приложения работали в течение 6 часов за последние 24, вы не сможете запустить другую службу переднего плана mediaProcessing , пока пользователь не переведет ваше приложение на передний план (что сбрасывает таймер). Если вы попытаетесь запустить другую службу переднего плана mediaProcessing , система выдаст ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException с сообщением об ошибке, например «Ограничение времени уже исчерпано для типа службы переднего плана mediaProcessing».

Дополнительные сведения о типе службы mediaProcessing см. в разделе Изменения в типах служб переднего плана для Android 15: обработка мультимедиа .

Тестирование

Чтобы проверить поведение вашего приложения, вы можете включить тайм-ауты обработки мультимедиа, даже если ваше приложение не предназначено для Android 15 (при условии, что приложение работает на устройстве Android 15). Чтобы включить таймауты, выполните следующую команду adb :

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

Вы также можете настроить период ожидания, чтобы было проще протестировать поведение вашего приложения при достижении предела. Чтобы установить новый период ожидания, выполните следующую команду adb :

adb shell device_config put activity_manager media_processing_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

Restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services

Существуют новые ограничения на широковещательные приемники BOOT_COMPLETED , запускающие службы приоритета. Получателям BOOT_COMPLETED не разрешено запускать следующие типы служб приоритета:

• dataSync
• camera
• mediaPlayback
• phoneCall
• mediaProjection
• microphone (это ограничение действует для microphone начиная с Android 14)

Если получатель BOOT_COMPLETED пытается запустить любой из этих типов служб переднего плана, система выдает исключение ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException .

Тестирование

Чтобы проверить поведение вашего приложения, вы можете включить эти новые ограничения, даже если ваше приложение не предназначено для Android 15 (при условии, что приложение работает на устройстве Android 15). Запустите следующую команду adb :

adb shell am compat enable FGS_BOOT_COMPLETED_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

Чтобы отправить широковещательную рассылку BOOT_COMPLETED без перезагрузки устройства, выполните следующую команду adb :

adb shell am broadcast -a android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED your-package-name

Restrictions on starting foreground services while an app holds the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission

Previously, if an app held the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission, it could launch a foreground service even if the app was currently in the background (as discussed in exemptions from background start restrictions).

If an app targets Android 15, this exemption is now narrower. The app now needs to have the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission and also have a visible overlay window. That is, the app needs to first launch a TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY window and the window needs to be visible before you start a foreground service.

If your app attempts to start a foreground service from the background without meeting these new requirements (and it does not have some other exemption), the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException.

If your app declares the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission and launches foreground services from the background, it may be affected by this change. If your app gets a ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException, check your app's order of operations and make sure your app already has an active overlay window before it attempts to start a foreground service from the background. You can check if your overlay window is currently visible by calling View.getWindowVisibility(), or you can override View.onWindowVisibilityChanged() to get notified whenever the visibility changes.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable these new restrictions even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable these new restrictions on starting foreground services from the background, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_SAW_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

Изменения в том, когда приложения могут изменять глобальное состояние режима «Не беспокоить»

Apps that target Android 15 (API level 35) and higher can no longer change the global state or policy of Do Not Disturb (DND) on a device (either by modifying user settings, or turning off DND mode). Instead, apps must contribute an AutomaticZenRule, which the system combines into a global policy with the existing most-restrictive-policy-wins scheme. Calls to existing APIs that previously affected global state (setInterruptionFilter, setNotificationPolicy) result in the creation or update of an implicit AutomaticZenRule, which is toggled on and off depending on the call-cycle of those API calls.

Note that this change only affects observable behavior if the app is calling setInterruptionFilter(INTERRUPTION_FILTER_ALL) and expects that call to deactivate an AutomaticZenRule that was previously activated by their owners.

Изменения API OpenJDK

Android 15 continues the work of refreshing Android's core libraries to align with the features in the latest OpenJDK LTS releases.

Some of these changes can affect app compatibility for apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35):

• Changes to string formatting APIs: Validation of argument index, flags, width, and precision are now more strict when using the following String.format() and Formatter.format() APIs:

  • String.format(String, Object[])
  • String.format(Locale, String, Object[])
  • Formatter.format(String, Object[])
  • Formatter.format(Locale, String, Object[])

  For example, the following exception is thrown when an argument index of 0 is used (%0 in the format string):

  IllegalFormatArgumentIndexException: Illegal format argument index = 0
  

  In this case, the issue can be fixed by using an argument index of 1 (%1 in the format string).

• Changes to component type of Arrays.asList(...).toArray(): When using Arrays.asList(...).toArray(), the component type of the resulting array is now an Object—not the type of the underlying array's elements. So the following code throws a ClassCastException:

  String[] elements = (String[]) Arrays.asList("one", "two").toArray();
  

  For this case, to preserve String as the component type in the resulting array, you could use Collection.toArray(Object[]) instead:

  String[] elements = Arrays.asList("two", "one").toArray(new String[0]);
  

• Changes to language code handling: When using the Locale API, language codes for Hebrew, Yiddish, and Indonesian are no longer converted to their obsolete forms (Hebrew: iw, Yiddish: ji, and Indonesian: in). When specifying the language code for one of these locales, use the codes from ISO 639-1 instead (Hebrew: he, Yiddish: yi, and Indonesian: id).

• Changes to random int sequences: Following the changes made in https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8301574, the following Random.ints() methods now return a different sequence of numbers than the Random.nextInt() methods do:

  • Random.ints(long)
  • Random.ints(long, int, int)
  • Random.ints(int, int)
  • Random.ints()

  Generally, this change shouldn't result in app-breaking behavior, but your code shouldn't expect the sequence generated from Random.ints() methods to match Random.nextInt().

The new SequencedCollection API can affect your app's compatibility after you update compileSdk in your app's build configuration to use Android 15 (API level 35):

• Collision with MutableList.removeFirst() and MutableList.removeLast() extension functions in kotlin-stdlib

  The List type in Java is mapped to the MutableList type in Kotlin. Because the List.removeFirst() and List.removeLast() APIs have been introduced in Android 15 (API level 35), the Kotlin compiler resolves function calls, for example list.removeFirst(), statically to the new List APIs instead of to the extension functions in kotlin-stdlib.

  If an app is re-compiled with compileSdk set to 35 and minSdk set to 34 or lower, and then the app is run on Android 14 and lower, a runtime error is thrown:

  java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No virtual method
  removeFirst()Ljava/lang/Object; in class Ljava/util/ArrayList;
  

  The existing NewApi lint option in Android Gradle Plugin can catch these new API usages.

  ./gradlew lint
  
  MainActivity.kt:41: Error: Call requires API level 35 (current min is 34): java.util.List#removeFirst [NewApi]
        list.removeFirst()
  

  To fix the runtime exception and lint errors, the removeFirst() and removeLast() function calls can be replaced with removeAt(0) and removeAt(list.lastIndex) respectively in Kotlin. If you're using Android Studio Ladybug | 2024.1.3 or higher, it also provides a quick fix option for these errors.

  Consider removing @SuppressLint("NewApi") and lintOptions { disable 'NewApi' } if the lint option has been disabled.

• Collision with other methods in Java

  New methods have been added into the existing types, for example, List and Deque. These new methods might not be compatible with the methods with the same name and argument types in other interfaces and classes. In the case of a method signature collision with incompatibility, the javac compiler outputs a build-time error. For example:

  Example error 1:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:135: error: removeLast() in MyList cannot implement removeLast() in List
    public void removeLast() {
                ^
    return type void is not compatible with Object
    where E is a type-variable:
      E extends Object declared in interface List
  

  Example error 2:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:7: error: types Deque<Object> and List<Object> are incompatible;
  public class MyList implements  List<Object>, Deque<Object> {
    both define reversed(), but with unrelated return types
  1 error
  

  Example error 3:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:43: error: types List<E#1> and MyInterface<E#2> are incompatible;
  public static class MyList implements List<Object>, MyInterface<Object> {
    class MyList inherits unrelated defaults for getFirst() from types List and MyInterface
    where E#1,E#2 are type-variables:
      E#1 extends Object declared in interface List
      E#2 extends Object declared in interface MyInterface
  1 error
  

  To fix these build errors, the class implementing these interfaces should override the method with a compatible return type. For example:

  @Override
  public Object getFirst() {
      return List.super.getFirst();
  }
  

Безопасность

В Android 15 включены изменения, повышающие безопасность системы и помогающие защитить приложения и пользователей от вредоносных приложений.

Ограниченные версии TLS

Android 15 限制了对 TLS 版本 1.0 和 1.1 的使用。这些版本之前已在 Android 中被弃用，但现在不允许面向 Android 15 的应用使用。

Защищенные запуски фоновой активности

Android 15 protects users from malicious apps and gives them more control over their devices by adding changes that prevent malicious background apps from bringing other apps to the foreground, elevating their privileges, and abusing user interaction. Background activity launches have been restricted since Android 10 (API level 29).

Other changes

• Change PendingIntent creators to block background activity launches by default. This helps prevent apps from accidentally creating a PendingIntent that could be abused by malicious actors.
• Don't bring an app to the foreground unless the PendingIntent sender allows it. This change aims to prevent malicious apps from abusing the ability to start activities in the background. By default, apps are not allowed to bring the task stack to the foreground unless the creator allows background activity launch privileges or the sender has background activity launch privileges.
• Control how the top activity of a task stack can finish its task. If the top activity finishes a task, Android will go back to whichever task was last active. Moreover, if a non-top activity finishes its task, Android will go back to the home screen; it won't block the finish of this non-top activity.
• Prevent launching arbitrary activities from other apps into your own task. This change prevents malicious apps from phishing users by creating activities that appear to be from other apps.
• Block non-visible windows from being considered for background activity launches. This helps prevent malicious apps from abusing background activity launches to display unwanted or malicious content to users.

Более безопасные намерения

Android 15 introduces StrictMode for intents.

In order to see detailed logs about Intent usage violations, use following method:

fun onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(VmPolicy.Builder()
        .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
        .build()
    )
}

public void onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new VmPolicy.Builder()
            .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
            .build());
}

Пользовательский опыт и системный пользовательский интерфейс

В Android 15 внесены некоторые изменения, направленные на создание более последовательного и интуитивно понятного пользовательского опыта.

Изменения в оконной вставке

There are two changes related to window insets in Android 15: edge-to-edge is enforced by default, and there are also configuration changes, such as the default configuration of system bars.

全面实施政策

Apps are edge-to-edge by default on devices running Android 15 if the app is targeting Android 15 (API level 35).

This is a breaking change that might negatively impact your app's UI. The changes affect the following UI areas:

• Gesture handle navigation bar
  • Transparent by default.
  • Bottom offset is disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
  • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are deprecated and don't affect gesture navigation.
  • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced continue to have no effect on gesture navigation.
• 3-button navigation
  • Opacity set to 80% by default, with color possibly matching the window background.
  • Bottom offset disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
  • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are set to match the window background by default. The window background must be a color drawable for this default to apply. This API is deprecated but continues to affect 3-button navigation.
  • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced is true by default, which adds an 80% opaque background across 3-button navigation.
• Status bar
  • Transparent by default.
  • The top offset is disabled so content draws behind the status bar unless insets are applied.
  • setStatusBarColor and R.attr#statusBarColor are deprecated and have no effect on Android 15.
  • setStatusBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#statusBarContrastEnforced are deprecated but still have an effect on Android 15.
• Display cutout
  • layoutInDisplayCutoutMode of non-floating windows must be LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. SHORT_EDGES, NEVER, and DEFAULT are interpreted as ALWAYS so that users don't see a black bar caused by the display cutout and appear edge-to-edge.

The following example shows an app before and after targeting Android 15 (API level 35), and before and after applying insets. This example is not comprehensive, this might appear differently on Android Auto.

What to check if your app is already edge-to-edge

If your app is already edge-to-edge and applies insets, you are mostly unimpacted, except in the following scenarios. However, even if you think you aren't impacted, we recommend you test your app.

• You have a non-floating window, such as an Activity that uses SHORT_EDGES, NEVER or DEFAULT instead of LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. If your app crashes on launch, this might be due to your splashscreen. You can either upgrade the core splashscreen dependency to 1.2.0-alpha01 or later or set window.attributes.layoutInDisplayCutoutMode = WindowManager.LayoutInDisplayCutoutMode.always.
• There might be lower-traffic screens with occluded UI. Verify these less-visited screens don't have occluded UI. Lower-traffic screens include:
  • Onboarding or sign-in screens
  • Settings pages

What to check if your app is not already edge-to-edge

If your app is not already edge-to-edge, you are most likely impacted. In addition to the scenarios for apps that are already edge-to-edge, you should consider the following:

• If your app uses Material 3 Components ( androidx.compose.material3) in compose, such as TopAppBar, BottomAppBar, and NavigationBar, these components are likely not impacted because they automatically handle insets.
• If your app is using Material 2 Components ( androidx.compose.material) in Compose, these components don't automatically handle insets. However, you can get access to the insets and apply them manually. In androidx.compose.material 1.6.0 and later, use the windowInsets parameter to apply the insets manually for BottomAppBar, TopAppBar, BottomNavigation, and NavigationRail. Likewise, use the contentWindowInsets parameter for Scaffold.
• If your app uses views and Material Components (com.google.android.material), most views-based Material Components such as BottomNavigationView, BottomAppBar, NavigationRailView, or NavigationView, handle insets and require no additional work. However, you need to add android:fitsSystemWindows="true" if using AppBarLayout.
• For custom composables, apply the insets manually as padding. If your content is within a Scaffold, you can consume insets using the Scaffold padding values. Otherwise, apply padding using one of the WindowInsets.
• If your app is using views and BottomSheet, SideSheet or custom containers, apply padding using ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener. For RecyclerView, apply padding using this listener and also add clipToPadding="false".

What to check if your app must offer custom background protection

If your app must offer custom background protection to 3-button navigation or the status bar, your app should place a composable or view behind the system bar using WindowInsets.Type#tappableElement() to get the 3-button navigation bar height or WindowInsets.Type#statusBars.

Additional edge-to-edge resources

See the Edge to Edge Views and Edge to Edge Compose guides for additional considerations on applying insets.

Deprecated APIs

The following APIs are deprecated but not disabled:

• R.attr#enforceStatusBarContrast
• R.attr#navigationBarColor (for 3 button navigation, with 80% alpha)
• Window#isStatusBarContrastEnforced
• Window#setNavigationBarColor (for 3 button navigation, with 80% alpha)
• Window#setStatusBarContrastEnforced

The following APIs are deprecated and disabled:

• R.attr#navigationBarColor (for gesture navigation)
• R.attr#navigationBarDividerColor
• R.attr#statusBarColor
• Window#setDecorFitsSystemWindows
• Window#getNavigationBarColor
• Window#getNavigationBarDividerColor
• Window#getStatusBarColor
• Window#setNavigationBarColor (for gesture navigation)
• Window#setNavigationBarDividerColor
• Window#setStatusBarColor

稳定配置

If your app targets Android 15 (API level 35) or higher, Configuration no longer excludes the system bars. If you use the screen size in the Configuration class for layout calculation, you should replace it with better alternatives like an appropriate ViewGroup, WindowInsets, or WindowMetricsCalculator depending on your need.

Configuration has been available since API 1. It is typically obtained from Activity.onConfigurationChanged. It provides information like window density, orientation, and sizes. One important characteristic about the window sizes returned from Configuration is that it previously excluded the system bars.

The configuration size is typically used for resource selection, such as /res/layout-h500dp, and this is still a valid use case. However, using it for layout calculation has always been discouraged. If you do so, you should move away from it now. You should replace the use of Configuration with something more suitable depending on your use case.

If you use it to calculate the layout, use an appropriate ViewGroup, such as CoordinatorLayout or ConstraintLayout. If you use it to determine the height of the system navbar, use WindowInsets. If you want to know the current size of your app window, use computeCurrentWindowMetrics.

The following list describes the fields affected by this change:

• Configuration.screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp sizes no longer exclude the system bars.
• Configuration.smallestScreenWidthDp is indirectly affected by changes to screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp.
• Configuration.orientation is indirectly affected by changes to screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp on close-to-square devices.
• Display.getSize(Point) is indirectly affected by the changes in Configuration. This was deprecated beginning in API level 30.
• Display.getMetrics() has already worked like this since API level 33.

Атрибут elegantTextHeight по умолчанию имеет значение true

对于以 Android 15（API 级别 35）为目标平台的应用，elegantTextHeight TextView 属性默认会变为 true，将默认使用的紧凑字体替换为一些具有较大垂直测量的脚本，使其更易于阅读。紧凑字体旨在防止布局中断；Android 13（API 级别 33）允许文本布局利用 fallbackLineSpacing 属性拉伸垂直高度，从而防止许多此类中断。

在 Android 15 中，系统中仍保留了紧凑字体，因此您的应用可以将 elegantTextHeight 设置为 false 以获得与之前相同的行为，但即将发布的版本不太可能支持此字体。因此，如果您的应用支持以下脚本：阿拉伯语、老挝语、缅甸语、泰米尔语、古吉拉特语、卡纳达语、马拉雅拉姆语、奥里亚语、泰卢固语或泰语，请将 elegantTextHeight 设置为 true 以测试您的应用。

Изменение ширины TextView для сложных форм букв

在以前的 Android 版本中，某些具有复杂形状的手写字体或语言可能会在上一个或下一个字符的区域绘制字母。在某些情况下，此类字母会在开头或结尾处被剪裁。从 Android 15 开始，TextView 会分配宽度，以便为此类字母绘制足够的空间，并允许应用请求向左额外添加内边距以防止剪裁。

由于此更改会影响 TextView 确定宽度的方式，因此如果应用以 Android 15（API 级别 35）或更高版本为目标平台，TextView 会默认分配更多宽度。您可以通过对 TextView 调用 setUseBoundsForWidth API 来启用或停用此行为。

由于添加左内边距可能会导致现有布局未对齐，因此默认情况下不会添加内边距，即使以 Android 15 或更高版本为目标平台的应用也是如此。不过，您可以通过调用 setShiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang 添加额外的内边距以防止剪裁。

以下示例展示了这些更改如何改进某些字体和语言的文本布局。

采用手写体字体的英语文本的标准布局。部分字母被截断。对应的 XML 如下：

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java" />

相同英语文本的布局，增加了宽度和内边距。以下是相应的 XML：

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />

泰语文本的标准布局。部分字母被截断。 以下是相应的 XML：

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์" />

相同泰语文本的布局，增加了宽度和内边距。以下是相应的 XML：

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />

Высота строки по умолчанию для EditText с учетом локали

In previous versions of Android, the text layout stretched the height of the text to meet the line height of the font that matched the current locale. For example, if the content was in Japanese, because the line height of the Japanese font is slightly larger than the one of a Latin font, the height of the text became slightly larger. However, despite these differences in line heights, the EditText element was sized uniformly, regardless of the locale being used, as illustrated in the following image:

For apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35), a minimum line height is now reserved for EditText to match the reference font for the specified Locale, as shown in the following image:

If needed, your app can restore the previous behavior by specifying the useLocalePreferredLineHeightForMinimum attribute to false, and your app can set custom minimum vertical metrics using the setMinimumFontMetrics API in Kotlin and Java.

Камера и медиа

Android 15 вносит следующие изменения в поведение камеры и мультимедиа для приложений, предназначенных для Android 15 или более поздних версий.

Ограничения на запрос аудиофокуса

Приложения, предназначенные для Android 15 (уровень API 35), должны быть главным приложением или запускать службу переднего плана, чтобы запросить фокус звука . Если приложение пытается запросить фокус, хотя оно не соответствует одному из этих требований, вызов возвращает AUDIOFOCUS_REQUEST_FAILED .

Дополнительную информацию о фокусе звука можно узнать в разделе «Управление фокусом звука» .

Обновлены ограничения, не связанные с SDK

Android 15 包含更新后的受限非 SDK 接口列表（基于与 Android 开发者之间的协作以及最新的内部测试）。在限制使用非 SDK 接口之前，我们会尽可能确保有可用的公开替代方案。

如果您的应用并非以 Android 15 为目标平台，其中一些变更可能不会立即对您产生影响。不过，虽然您的应用可以访问某些非 SDK 接口（具体取决于应用的目标 API 级别），但只要您使用任何非 SDK 方法或字段，就始终会有很高风险导致应用功能异常。

如果您不确定自己的应用是否使用了非 SDK 接口，则可以通过测试该应用来进行确认。如果您的应用依赖非 SDK 接口，则应开始计划迁移到 SDK 替代方案。不过，我们知道某些应用存在使用非 SDK 接口的合理场景。如果您无法为应用中的某项功能找到使用非 SDK 接口的替代方案，则应该请求新的公共 API。

To learn more about the changes in this release of Android, see Updates to non-SDK interface restrictions in Android 15. To learn more about non-SDK interfaces generally, see Restrictions on non-SDK interfaces.