读取医疗数据

本指南适用于 Health Connect 版本 1.1.0-beta02。

如需在 Health Connect 中使用个人健康记录 (PHR) 读取医疗数据，请按以下步骤操作：

  1. 查看功能的适用范围。
  2. 请求读取权限。
  3. 读取医疗记录 (MedicalResource)。
  4. 读取数据源 (MedicalDataSource)。

功能的适用范围

如需确定用户的设备是否支持 Health Connect 中的个人健康记录 (PHR)，请检查客户端上 FEATURE_PERSONAL_HEALTH_RECORD 的可用性：

if (healthConnectClient
     .features
     .getFeatureStatus(
       HealthConnectFeatures.FEATURE_PERSONAL_HEALTH_RECORD
     ) == HealthConnectFeatures.FEATURE_STATUS_AVAILABLE) {

  // Feature is available
} else {
  // Feature isn't available
}

如需了解详情，请参阅查看功能可用性。

所需权限

读取医疗数据受以下权限保护：

  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_ALLERGIES_INTOLERANCES
  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_CONDITIONS
  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_LABORATORY_RESULTS
  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_MEDICATIONS
  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PERSONAL_DETAILS
  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PRACTITIONER_DETAILS
  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PREGNANCY
  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PROCEDURES
  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_SOCIAL_HISTORY
  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_VACCINES
  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_VISITS
  • android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_VITAL_SIGNS

请在 Play 管理中心内为您的应用声明以下权限，并在应用的清单中声明这些权限：

<application>
  <uses-permission
   android:name="android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_ALLERGIES_INTOLERANCES" />
  <uses-permission
   android:name="android.permission.health.READ_MEDICAL_DATA_CONDITIONS" />
  ...
</application>

您有责任声明您打算在设备和应用中使用的所有适当权限。您还应在使用前检查用户是否已授予每项权限。

向用户请求权限

创建客户端实例后，您的应用需要向用户请求权限。必须允许用户随时授予或拒绝权限。

为此，请为所需的数据类型创建一组权限。先确保此集中的权限已在 Android 清单中声明。

// Create a set of permissions for required data types
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_ALLERGIES_INTOLERANCES
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_CONDITIONS
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_LABORATORY_RESULTS
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_MEDICATIONS
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PERSONAL_DETAILS
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PRACTITIONER_DETAILS
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PREGNANCY
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PROCEDURES
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_SOCIAL_HISTORY
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_VACCINES
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_VISITS
import androidx.health.connect.client.permission.HealthPermission.Companion.PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_VITAL_SIGNS

val PERMISSIONS =
    setOf(
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_ALLERGIES_INTOLERANCES
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_CONDITIONS
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_LABORATORY_RESULTS
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_MEDICATIONS
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PERSONAL_DETAILS
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PRACTITIONER_DETAILS
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PREGNANCY
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_PROCEDURES
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_SOCIAL_HISTORY
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_VACCINES
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_VISITS
        PERMISSION_READ_MEDICAL_DATA_VITAL_SIGNS
)

使用 getGrantedPermissions 查看您的应用是否已获得所需的权限。如不具备，请使用 createRequestPermissionResultContract 请求这些权限。系统随即会显示 Health Connect 权限屏幕。

// Create the permissions launcher
val requestPermissionActivityContract = PermissionController.createRequestPermissionResultContract()

val requestPermissions = registerForActivityResult(requestPermissionActivityContract) { granted ->
  if (granted.containsAll(PERMISSIONS)) {
    // Permissions successfully granted
  } else {
    // Lack of required permissions
  }
}

suspend fun checkPermissionsAndRun(healthConnectClient: HealthConnectClient) {
  val granted = healthConnectClient.permissionController.getGrantedPermissions()
  if (granted.containsAll(PERMISSIONS)) {
    // Permissions already granted; proceed with inserting or reading data
  } else {
    requestPermissions.launch(PERMISSIONS)
  }
}

由于用户可以随时授予或撤消权限，因此您的应用需要定期检查已授予的权限，并应对权限丢失的情况。

医疗资源

您可以读取为用户写入 Health Connect 的任何医疗资源 (MedicalResource)，包括其他应用添加的资源。

获取 MedicalResource 记录

通过指定 medicalResourceType 过滤 get 请求。请务必使用分页请求，并注意速率限制。

// Read `MedicalResource`s back from the `MedicalDataSource`
// Read 100 resources / page. See `pageSize` doc for defaults and limits.
val pageSize = 100
// Prepare the initial read request.
// All `MedicalResource`s in the given `MedicalDataSource`s and of given `medicalResourceType`
// will be retrieved.
val initialRequest: ReadMedicalResourcesRequest =
    ReadMedicalResourcesInitialRequest(
        MEDICAL_RESOURCE_TYPE_LABORATORY_RESULTS,
        setOf(medicalDataSource.id),
        pageSize = pageSize,
    )
// Continue reading pages until all `MedicalResource`s are read
var pageToken: String? = null
do {
    // Prepare paged request if needed
    val request: ReadMedicalResourcesRequest =
        if (pageToken == null) initialRequest
        else ReadMedicalResourcesPageRequest(pageToken, pageSize = pageSize)
    // Read `MedicalResource`s
    val response: ReadMedicalResourcesResponse =
        healthConnectClient.readMedicalResources(request)
    // Process `MedicalResource`s
    val resources: List<MedicalResource> = response.medicalResources
    // Advance to next page
    pageToken = response.nextPageToken
} while (pageToken != null)

按 ID 获取 MedicalResource 记录

您还可以使用 ID 检索 MedicalResource：

// Retrieve `fhirResourceType` type `MedicalResource`s with the specified `id`s from the
// provided `MedicalDataSource`
val retrievedMedicalResources: List<MedicalResource> =
    healthConnectClient.readMedicalResources(
        medicalResources.map { medicalResource: MedicalResource ->
            MedicalResourceId(
                dataSourceId = medicalDataSource.id,
                fhirResourceType = medicalResource.id.fhirResourceType,
                fhirResourceId = medicalResource.id.fhirResourceId
            )
        }
    )

数据源

您可以读取为用户写入 Health Connect 的任何数据源 (MedicalDataSource)，包括其他应用添加的数据源。

按软件包名称获取 MedicalDataSource 记录

使用 GetMedicalDataSourcesRequest 按软件包名称（应用）进行请求：

// Retrieve all `MedicalDataSource`s created by any of the specified package names
// Package names may be found in other `MedicalDataSource`s or from arbitrary input
val medicalDataSources: List<MedicalDataSource> =
    healthConnectClient.getMedicalDataSources(
        GetMedicalDataSourcesRequest(listOf(medicalDataSource.packageName, anotherPackageName))
    )

按 ID 获取 MedicalDataSource 记录

或者，如果您知道 id，也可以按 id 进行请求：

// Retrieve all `MedicalDataSource` with `id` matching any of the given ids
val medicalDataSources: List<MedicalDataSource> =
    healthConnectClient.getMedicalDataSources(listOf(medicalDataSource.id, anotherId))