圖片解碼器
透過集合功能整理內容
你可以依據偏好儲存及分類內容。
NDK ImageDecoder
API 提供標準 API,可讓 Android C/C++ 應用程式直接將圖片解碼。應用程式開發人員不再需要使用 Java API (透過 JNI) 或第三方圖片解碼程式庫。這個 API 與 Bitmap 模組中的編碼函式搭配使用時,能夠達成以下效益:
- 縮小原生應用程式和程式庫的大小,因為不再需要連結自己的解碼程式庫。
- 應用程式和程式庫會自動受益於解碼程式庫的平台安全性更新。
- 應用程式可以直接將圖片解碼至本身提供的記憶體。然後,應用程式可視需要對圖片資料進行後續處理,並將資料傳送至 OpenGL 或其繪圖程式碼。
本頁面說明如何使用 API 將圖片解碼。
適用情形和功能
ImageDecoder
API 適用於目標為 Android 11 (API 級別 30) 以上版本的應用程式,並在下列檔案中實作:
imagedecoder.h
,適用於解碼器
bitmap.h
,適用於編碼器
libjnigraphics.so
API 支援下列圖片格式:
- JPEG
- PNG
- GIF
- WebP
BMP
ICO
WBMP
HEIF
數位負片 (透過 DNG SDK)
為涵蓋已解碼原始圖片的所有使用情況,這個 API 不提供更高層級的物件 (比如在 Java 架構中以已解碼圖片建構的物件),例如:
將圖片解碼
解碼作業會從代表已編碼圖片的某種輸入形式開始進行。
AImageDecoder
接受多種輸入類型:
下列程式碼顯示如何從檔案開啟圖片 Asset
並進行解碼,然後正確處理解碼器和素材資源。如要查看算繪已解碼圖片的範例,請參閱茶壺範例。
AAssetManager* nativeManager = AAssetManager_fromJava(env, jAssets);
const char* file = // Filename
AAsset* asset = AAssetManager_open(nativeManager, file, AASSET_MODE_STREAMING);
AImageDecoder* decoder;
int result = AImageDecoder_createFromAAsset(asset, &decoder);
if (result != ANDROID_IMAGE_DECODER_SUCCESS) {
// An error occurred, and the file could not be decoded.
}
const AImageDecoderHeaderInfo* info = AImageDecoder_getHeaderInfo(decoder);
int32_t width = AImageDecoderHeaderInfo_getWidth(info);
int32_t height = AImageDecoderHeaderInfo_getHeight(info);
AndroidBitmapFormat format =
(AndroidBitmapFormat) AImageDecoderHeaderInfo_getAndroidBitmapFormat(info);
size_t stride = AImageDecoder_getMinimumStride(decoder); // Image decoder does not
// use padding by default
size_t size = height * stride;
void* pixels = malloc(size);
result = AImageDecoder_decodeImage(decoder, pixels, stride, size);
if (result != ANDROID_IMAGE_DECODER_SUCCESS) {
// An error occurred, and the file could not be decoded.
}
// We’re done with the decoder, so now it’s safe to delete it.
AImageDecoder_delete(decoder);
// The decoder is no longer accessing the AAsset, so it is safe to
// close it.
AAsset_close(asset);
// Draw the pixels somewhere
// Free the pixels when done drawing with them
free(pixels);
這個頁面中的內容和程式碼範例均受《內容授權》中的授權所規範。Java 與 OpenJDK 是 Oracle 和/或其關係企業的商標或註冊商標。
上次更新時間:2025-08-27 (世界標準時間)。
[null,null,["上次更新時間:2025-08-27 (世界標準時間)。"],[],[],null,["The NDK [`ImageDecoder`](/ndk/reference/group/image-decoder) API provides a\nstandard API for Android C/C++ apps to decode images directly. App developers no\nlonger need to use the Java APIs (via JNI) or third-party image decoding\nlibraries. This API, along with encoding functions in the\n[Bitmap](/ndk/reference/group/bitmap) module, enables the following:\n\n- Native apps and libraries can be smaller because they no longer have to link their own decoding libraries.\n- Apps and libraries automatically benefit from platform security updates to decoding libraries.\n- Apps can decode images directly into memory they provide. Apps can then post-process the image data (if desired) and pass it to OpenGL or their drawing code.\n\nThis page describes how to use the API to decode an image.\n\nAvailability and capability\n\nThe `ImageDecoder` API is available on apps that target Android 11 (API level 30)\nor higher. The implementation is inside the following files:\n\n- `imagedecoder.h` for the decoder\n- `bitmap.h` for the encoder\n- `libjnigraphics.so`\n\nThe API supports the following image formats:\n\n- JPEG\n- PNG\n- GIF\n- WebP\n- BMP\n\n- ICO\n\n- WBMP\n\n- HEIF\n\n- Digital negatives (via the DNG SDK)\n\nIn order to cover all usages of the decoded raw images, this API does not\nprovide higher level objects like those built on top of decoded images inside\nthe Java framework, such as:\n\n- [`Drawable` objects](/reference/android/graphics/drawable/Drawable).\n- [`NinePatch`](/reference/android/graphics/NinePatch): If present in an encoded image, NinePatch chunks are ignored.\n- [Bitmap density](/reference/android/graphics/Bitmap#getDensity()): `AImageDecoder` does not do any automatic size adjustment based on the screen's density, but it does allow decoding to a different size via [`AImageDecoder_setTargetSize()`](/ndk/reference/group/image-decoder#aimagedecoder_settargetsize).\n- Animations: Only decodes the first frame of an animated GIF or WebP file.\n\nDecode an image\n\nDecoding starts with some form of input representing the encoded image.\n`AImageDecoder` accepts multiple types of input:\n\n- [`AAsset`](/ndk/reference/group/asset) (shown below)\n- File descriptor\n- Buffer\n\nThe following code shows how to open an image `Asset` from a file, decode it,\nand then properly dispose of the decoder and asset. To see an example of\nrendering the decoded image, see the\n[teapot sample](https://github.com/android/ndk-samples/tree/develop/teapots/image-decoder/src/main/cpp/Texture.cpp#30). \n\n AAssetManager* nativeManager = AAssetManager_fromJava(env, jAssets);\n const char* file = // Filename\n AAsset* asset = AAssetManager_open(nativeManager, file, AASSET_MODE_STREAMING);\n AImageDecoder* decoder;\n int result = AImageDecoder_createFromAAsset(asset, &decoder);\n if (result != ANDROID_IMAGE_DECODER_SUCCESS) {\n // An error occurred, and the file could not be decoded.\n }\n\n const AImageDecoderHeaderInfo* info = AImageDecoder_getHeaderInfo(decoder);\n int32_t width = AImageDecoderHeaderInfo_getWidth(info);\n int32_t height = AImageDecoderHeaderInfo_getHeight(info);\n AndroidBitmapFormat format =\n (AndroidBitmapFormat) AImageDecoderHeaderInfo_getAndroidBitmapFormat(info);\n size_t stride = AImageDecoder_getMinimumStride(decoder); // Image decoder does not\n // use padding by default\n size_t size = height * stride;\n void* pixels = malloc(size);\n\n result = AImageDecoder_decodeImage(decoder, pixels, stride, size);\n if (result != ANDROID_IMAGE_DECODER_SUCCESS) {\n // An error occurred, and the file could not be decoded.\n }\n\n // We're done with the decoder, so now it's safe to delete it.\n AImageDecoder_delete(decoder);\n\n // The decoder is no longer accessing the AAsset, so it is safe to\n // close it.\n AAsset_close(asset);\n\n // Draw the pixels somewhere\n\n // Free the pixels when done drawing with them\n free(pixels);"]]