Supporto di TalkBack nelle app per TV
Mantieni tutto organizzato con le raccolte
Salva e classifica i contenuti in base alle tue preferenze.
A volte le app TV presentano casi d'uso che rendono difficile per gli utenti che fanno affidamento su
TalkBack per utilizzare l'app. Per offrire una migliore esperienza di TalkBack per questi
gli utenti, esamina ciascuna sezione di questa guida e implementa le modifiche nel tuo
ove necessario. Se la tua app utilizza le visualizzazioni personalizzate, devi fare riferimento anche alle
guida corrispondente che descrive come supportare l'accessibilità con
visualizzazioni.
Gestire le visualizzazioni nidificate
Le visualizzazioni nidificate possono essere difficoltose per gli utenti di TalkBack. Se possibile, esegui
la vista principale o quella secondaria attivabile da TalkBack, ma non entrambe.
Per rendere una visualizzazione attivabile da TalkBack, imposta focusable
e
focusableInTouchMode
a true
. Questo passaggio è necessario perché
alcuni dispositivi TV potrebbero entrare e uscire dalla modalità touch mentre TalkBack è attivo.
Per rendere una visualizzazione non attivabile, è sufficiente impostare la focusable
.
a false
. Tuttavia, se la visualizzazione è strategica (ovvero,
AccessibilityNodeInfo
corrispondente ha ACTION_CLICK
), potrebbe comunque
attivabile.
Modificare le descrizioni delle azioni
Per impostazione predefinita, TalkBack pronuncia il comando "Premi Seleziona per attivare" per ottenere informazioni strategiche.
Per alcune azioni, il termine "attivare" potrebbe non essere una buona descrizione. A
fornire una descrizione più accurata, puoi modificarla:
Kotlin
findViewById<View>(R.id.custom_actionable_view).accessibilityDelegate = object : View.AccessibilityDelegate() {
override fun onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host: View, info: AccessibilityNodeInfo) {
super.onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host, info)
info.addAction(
AccessibilityAction(
AccessibilityAction.ACTION_CLICK.id,
getString(R.string.custom_label)
)
)
}
}
Java
findViewById(R.id.custom_actionable_view).setAccessibilityDelegate(new AccessibilityDelegate() {
@Override
public void onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(View host, AccessibilityNodeInfo info) {
super.onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host, info);
AccessibilityAction action = new AccessibilityAction(
AccessibilityAction.ACTION_CLICK.getId(), getString(R.string.custom_label));
info.addAction(action);
}
});
Aggiungere il supporto per i cursori
TalkBack sulla TV supporta i cursori in modo speciale. Per attivare la modalità di scorrimento, aggiungi
ACTION_SET_PROGRESS
a una vista insieme a un oggetto RangeInfo
.
L'utente accede alla modalità del dispositivo di scorrimento premendo il pulsante centrale del telecomando della TV.
In questa modalità, i pulsanti freccia generano ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD
e
ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD
azioni di accessibilità.
L'esempio seguente implementa un cursore del volume con livelli da 1 a 10:
Kotlin
/**
* This example only provides slider functionality for TalkBack users. Additional logic should
* be added for other users. Such logic may reuse the increase and decrease methods.
*/
class VolumeSlider(context: Context?, attrs: AttributeSet?) : LinearLayout(context, attrs) {
private val min = 1
private val max = 10
private var current = 5
private var textView: TextView? = null
init {
isFocusable = true
isFocusableInTouchMode = true
val rangeInfo =
AccessibilityNodeInfo.RangeInfo(
AccessibilityNodeInfo.RangeInfo.RANGE_TYPE_INT,
min.toFloat(),
max.toFloat(),
current.toFloat()
)
accessibilityDelegate =
object : AccessibilityDelegate() {
override fun onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host: View, info: AccessibilityNodeInfo) {
super.onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host, info)
info.addAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SET_PROGRESS)
info.rangeInfo = rangeInfo
}
override fun performAccessibilityAction(host: View, action: Int, args: Bundle?): Boolean {
if (action == AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD.id) {
increase()
return true
}
if (action == AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD.id) {
decrease()
return true
}
return super.performAccessibilityAction(host, action, args)
}
}
}
override fun onFinishInflate() {
super.onFinishInflate()
textView = findViewById(R.id.text)
textView!!.text = context.getString(R.string.level, current)
}
private fun increase() {
update((current + 1).coerceAtMost(max))
}
private fun decrease() {
update((current - 1).coerceAtLeast(min))
}
private fun update(newLevel: Int) {
if (textView == null) {
return
}
val newText = context.getString(R.string.level, newLevel)
// Update the user interface with the new volume.
textView!!.text = newText
// Announce the new volume.
announceForAccessibility(newText)
current = newLevel
}
}
Java
/**
* This example only provides slider functionality for TalkBack users. Additional logic should
* be added for other users. Such logic can reuse the increase and decrease methods.
*/
public class VolumeSlider extends LinearLayout {
private final int min = 1;
private final int max = 10;
private int current = 5;
private TextView textView;
public VolumeSlider(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
setFocusable(true);
setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
RangeInfo rangeInfo = new RangeInfo(RangeInfo.RANGE_TYPE_INT, min, max, current);
setAccessibilityDelegate(
new AccessibilityDelegate() {
@Override
public void onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(View host, AccessibilityNodeInfo info) {
super.onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host, info);
info.addAction(AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SET_PROGRESS);
info.setRangeInfo(rangeInfo);
}
@Override
public boolean performAccessibilityAction(View host, int action, Bundle args) {
if (action == AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD.getId()) {
increase();
return true;
}
if (action == AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD.getId()) {
decrease();
return true;
}
return super.performAccessibilityAction(host, action, args);
}
});
}
@Override
protected void onFinishInflate() {
super.onFinishInflate();
textView = findViewById(R.id.text);
textView.setText(getContext().getString(R.string.level, current));
}
private void increase() {
update(Math.min(current + 1, max));
}
private void decrease() {
update(Math.max(current - 1, min));
}
private void update(int newLevel) {
if (textView == null) {
return;
}
String newText = getContext().getString(R.string.level, newLevel);
// Update the user interface with the new volume.
textView.setText(newText);
// Announce the new volume.
announceForAccessibility(newText);
current = newLevel;
}
}
I campioni di contenuti e codice in questa pagina sono soggetti alle licenze descritte nella Licenza per i contenuti. Java e OpenJDK sono marchi o marchi registrati di Oracle e/o delle sue società consociate.
Ultimo aggiornamento 2025-07-27 UTC.
[null,null,["Ultimo aggiornamento 2025-07-27 UTC."],[],[],null,["# Support TalkBack in TV apps\n\nTV apps sometimes have use cases that make it difficult for users who rely on\n[TalkBack](/guide/topics/ui/accessibility/testing#talkback) to use the app. To provide a better TalkBack experience for these\nusers, review each of the sections in this guide and implement changes in your\napp where necessary. If your app uses custom views, you should also refer to the\n[corresponding guide](/training/tv/accessibility/custom-views) that describes how to support accessibility with custom\nviews.\n\nHandle nested views\n-------------------\n\nNested views can be hard for TalkBack users to navigate. Whenever possible, make\neither the parent or the child view focusable by TalkBack, but not both.\n\nTo make a view focusable by TalkBack, set the [`focusable`](/reference/android/view/View#attr_android:focusable) and the\n[`focusableInTouchMode`](/reference/android/view/View#attr_android:focusableInTouchMode) attribute to `true`. This step is necessary because\nsome TV devices might enter and exit touch mode while TalkBack is active.\n\nTo make a view non-focusable, it is sufficient to set the [`focusable`](/reference/android/view/View#attr_android:focusable)\nattribute to `false`. However, if the view is actionable (that is, its\ncorresponding `AccessibilityNodeInfo` has [`ACTION_CLICK`](/reference/android/view/accessibility/AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction#ACTION_CLICK)), it might still\nbe focusable.\n\nChange descriptions for Actions\n-------------------------------\n\nBy default, TalkBack announces \"Press select to activate\" for actionable views.\nFor some actions, the term \"activate\" might not be a good description. To\nprovide a more accurate description, you can change it: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nfindViewById\u003cView\u003e(R.id.custom_actionable_view).accessibilityDelegate = object : View.AccessibilityDelegate() {\n override fun onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host: View, info: AccessibilityNodeInfo) {\n super.onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host, info)\n info.addAction(\n AccessibilityAction(\n AccessibilityAction.ACTION_CLICK.id,\n getString(R.string.custom_label)\n )\n )\n }\n}\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nfindViewById(R.id.custom_actionable_view).setAccessibilityDelegate(new AccessibilityDelegate() {\n @Override\n public void onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(View host, AccessibilityNodeInfo info) {\n super.onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host, info);\n AccessibilityAction action = new AccessibilityAction(\n AccessibilityAction.ACTION_CLICK.getId(), getString(R.string.custom_label));\n info.addAction(action);\n }\n});\n```\n\nAdd support for sliders\n-----------------------\n\nTalkBack on TV has special support for sliders. To enable slider mode, add\n[`ACTION_SET_PROGRESS`](/reference/android/view/accessibility/AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction#ACTION_SET_PROGRESS) to a view together with a [`RangeInfo`](/reference/android/view/accessibility/AccessibilityNodeInfo.RangeInfo) object.\n\nThe user enters the slider mode by pressing the center button of the TV remote.\nIn this mode, the arrow buttons generate [`ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD`](/reference/android/view/accessibility/AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction#ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD) and\n[`ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD`](/reference/android/view/accessibility/AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction#ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD) accessibility actions.\n\nThe following example implements a volume slider with levels from 1 to 10: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\n/**\n * This example only provides slider functionality for TalkBack users. Additional logic should\n * be added for other users. Such logic may reuse the increase and decrease methods.\n */\nclass VolumeSlider(context: Context?, attrs: AttributeSet?) : LinearLayout(context, attrs) {\n private val min = 1\n private val max = 10\n private var current = 5\n private var textView: TextView? = null\n\n init {\n isFocusable = true\n isFocusableInTouchMode = true\n val rangeInfo =\n AccessibilityNodeInfo.RangeInfo(\n AccessibilityNodeInfo.RangeInfo.RANGE_TYPE_INT,\n min.toFloat(),\n max.toFloat(),\n current.toFloat()\n )\n accessibilityDelegate =\n object : AccessibilityDelegate() {\n override fun onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host: View, info: AccessibilityNodeInfo) {\n super.onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host, info)\n info.addAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SET_PROGRESS)\n info.rangeInfo = rangeInfo\n }\n\n override fun performAccessibilityAction(host: View, action: Int, args: Bundle?): Boolean {\n if (action == AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD.id) {\n increase()\n return true\n }\n if (action == AccessibilityNodeInfo.AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD.id) {\n decrease()\n return true\n }\n return super.performAccessibilityAction(host, action, args)\n }\n }\n }\n\n override fun onFinishInflate() {\n super.onFinishInflate()\n textView = findViewById(R.id.text)\n textView!!.text = context.getString(R.string.level, current)\n }\n\n private fun increase() {\n update((current + 1).coerceAtMost(max))\n }\n\n private fun decrease() {\n update((current - 1).coerceAtLeast(min))\n }\n\n private fun update(newLevel: Int) {\n if (textView == null) {\n return\n }\n val newText = context.getString(R.string.level, newLevel)\n // Update the user interface with the new volume.\n textView!!.text = newText\n // Announce the new volume.\n announceForAccessibility(newText)\n current = newLevel\n }\n}\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\n/**\n * This example only provides slider functionality for TalkBack users. Additional logic should\n * be added for other users. Such logic can reuse the increase and decrease methods.\n */\npublic class VolumeSlider extends LinearLayout {\n private final int min = 1;\n private final int max = 10;\n private int current = 5;\n private TextView textView;\n\n public VolumeSlider(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {\n super(context, attrs);\n setFocusable(true);\n setFocusableInTouchMode(true);\n RangeInfo rangeInfo = new RangeInfo(RangeInfo.RANGE_TYPE_INT, min, max, current);\n setAccessibilityDelegate(\n new AccessibilityDelegate() {\n @Override\n public void onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(View host, AccessibilityNodeInfo info) {\n super.onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfo(host, info);\n info.addAction(AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SET_PROGRESS);\n info.setRangeInfo(rangeInfo);\n }\n\n @Override\n public boolean performAccessibilityAction(View host, int action, Bundle args) {\n if (action == AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_FORWARD.getId()) {\n increase();\n return true;\n }\n if (action == AccessibilityAction.ACTION_SCROLL_BACKWARD.getId()) {\n decrease();\n return true;\n }\n return super.performAccessibilityAction(host, action, args);\n }\n });\n }\n\n @Override\n protected void onFinishInflate() {\n super.onFinishInflate();\n textView = findViewById(R.id.text);\n textView.setText(getContext().getString(R.string.level, current));\n }\n\n private void increase() {\n update(Math.min(current + 1, max));\n }\n\n private void decrease() {\n update(Math.max(current - 1, min));\n }\n\n private void update(int newLevel) {\n if (textView == null) {\n return;\n }\n String newText = getContext().getString(R.string.level, newLevel);\n // Update the user interface with the new volume.\n textView.setText(newText);\n // Announce the new volume.\n announceForAccessibility(newText);\n current = newLevel;\n }\n}\n```"]]