DASH
透過集合功能整理內容
你可以依據偏好儲存及分類內容。
ExoPlayer 支援 DASH,並提供多種容器格式。媒體串流必須經過解多工處理,也就是說,影片、音訊和文字必須在 DASH 資訊清單中以不同的 AdaptationSet
元素定義 (CEA-608 是例外狀況,如下表所述)。內含的音訊和視訊樣本格式也必須支援 (詳情請參閱「樣本格式」一節)。
功能 |
支援 |
留言 |
容器 |
|
|
FMP4 |
是 |
僅限解多工串流 |
WebM |
是 |
僅限解多工串流 |
Matroska |
是 |
僅限解多工串流 |
MPEG-TS |
否 |
不支援 |
隱藏式輔助字幕 /
字幕 |
|
|
TTML
|
YES
|
原始格式,或根據 ISO/IEC 14496-30 嵌入 FMP4 |
WebVTT
|
YES
|
原始格式,或根據 ISO/IEC 14496-30 嵌入 FMP4 |
CEA-608
|
YES
|
在以 SCTE 無障礙描述元發出信號時,嵌入 FMP4 |
CEA-708
|
YES
|
在以 SCTE 無障礙描述元發出信號時,嵌入 FMP4 |
Metadata |
|
|
EMSG 中繼資料 |
是 |
嵌入 FMP4 |
內容保護 |
|
|
Widevine
|
YES
|
「cenc」架構:API 19 以上版本;
「cbcs」架構:API 25 以上版本 |
PlayReady SL2000 |
是 |
Android TV,僅限「cenc」配置 |
ClearKey |
是 |
API 21 以上版本,僅限「cenc」架構 |
廣告插播 |
|
|
多時段播放 |
是 |
|
伺服器導向廣告插播
(xlinks) |
否
|
|
IMA 伺服器端和用戶端廣告 |
YES
|
廣告插播指南
|
即時播放 |
|
|
一般直播播放 |
是 |
|
超低延遲 CMAF
直播播放 |
YES
|
|
通用媒體用戶端資料
(CMCD) |
YES
|
CMCD 整合指南
|
如要播放 DASH 串流,必須依附於 DASH 模組。
Kotlin
implementation("androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-dash:1.8.0")
Groovy
implementation "androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-dash:1.8.0"
接著,您可以為 DASH MPD URI 建立 MediaItem
,並傳遞至播放器。
Kotlin
// Create a player instance.
val player = ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build()
// Set the media item to be played.
player.setMediaItem(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri))
// Prepare the player.
player.prepare()
Java
// Create a player instance.
ExoPlayer player = new ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build();
// Set the media item to be played.
player.setMediaItem(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri));
// Prepare the player.
player.prepare();
如果 URI 並非以 .mpd
結尾,您可以將 MimeTypes.APPLICATION_MPD
傳遞至 MediaItem.Builder
的 setMimeType
,明確指出內容類型。
ExoPlayer 會自動根據資訊清單中定義的表示法,並考量可用頻寬和裝置功能,調整播放內容。
如需更多自訂選項,您可以建立 DashMediaSource
,並直接傳遞至播放器,而非 MediaItem
。
Kotlin
val dataSourceFactory: DataSource.Factory = DefaultHttpDataSource.Factory()
// Create a dash media source pointing to a dash manifest uri.
val mediaSource: MediaSource =
DashMediaSource.Factory(dataSourceFactory).createMediaSource(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri))
// Create a player instance which gets an adaptive track selector by default.
val player = ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build()
// Set the media source to be played.
player.setMediaSource(mediaSource)
// Prepare the player.
player.prepare()
Java
DataSource.Factory dataSourceFactory = new DefaultHttpDataSource.Factory();
// Create a dash media source pointing to a dash manifest uri.
MediaSource mediaSource =
new DashMediaSource.Factory(dataSourceFactory)
.createMediaSource(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri));
// Create a player instance which gets an adaptive track selector by default.
ExoPlayer player = new ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build();
// Set the media source to be played.
player.setMediaSource(mediaSource);
// Prepare the player.
player.prepare();
存取資訊清單
您可以呼叫 Player.getCurrentManifest
擷取目前的資訊清單。
如果是 DASH,您應將傳回的物件轉換為 DashManifest
。每當載入資訊清單時,系統也會呼叫 Player.Listener
的 onTimelineChanged
回呼。隨選內容只會發生一次,但直播內容可能會發生多次。下列程式碼片段說明應用程式如何在資訊清單載入時執行某些動作。
Kotlin
player.addListener(
object : Player.Listener {
override fun onTimelineChanged(timeline: Timeline, @TimelineChangeReason reason: Int) {
val manifest = player.currentManifest
if (manifest is DashManifest) {
// Do something with the manifest.
}
}
}
)
Java
player.addListener(
new Player.Listener() {
@Override
public void onTimelineChanged(
Timeline timeline, @Player.TimelineChangeReason int reason) {
Object manifest = player.getCurrentManifest();
if (manifest != null) {
DashManifest dashManifest = (DashManifest) manifest;
// Do something with the manifest.
}
}
});
自訂播放設定
ExoPlayer 提供多種方式,讓您根據應用程式需求調整播放體驗。如需範例,請參閱自訂頁面。
這個頁面中的內容和程式碼範例均受《內容授權》中的授權所規範。Java 與 OpenJDK 是 Oracle 和/或其關係企業的商標或註冊商標。
上次更新時間:2025-08-27 (世界標準時間)。
[null,null,["上次更新時間:2025-08-27 (世界標準時間)。"],[],[],null,["# DASH\n\nExoPlayer supports DASH with multiple container formats. Media streams must be\ndemuxed, meaning that video, audio, and text must be defined in distinct\n`AdaptationSet` elements in the DASH manifest (CEA-608 is an exception as\ndescribed in the table below). The contained audio and video sample formats must\nalso be supported (see the\n[sample formats](/media/media3/exoplayer/supported-formats#sample-formats) section for details).\n\n| Feature | Supported | Comments |\n|-----------------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| **Containers** | | |\n| FMP4 | YES | Demuxed streams only |\n| WebM | YES | Demuxed streams only |\n| Matroska | YES | Demuxed streams only |\n| MPEG-TS | NO | No support planned |\n| **Closed captions /** **subtitles** | | |\n| TTML | YES | Raw, or embedded in FMP4 according to ISO/IEC 14496-30 |\n| WebVTT | YES | Raw, or embedded in FMP4 according to ISO/IEC 14496-30 |\n| CEA-608 | YES | Embedded in FMP4 when signalled using SCTE Accessibility descriptors |\n| CEA-708 | YES | Embedded in FMP4 when signalled using SCTE Accessibility descriptors |\n| **Metadata** | | |\n| EMSG metadata | YES | Embedded in FMP4 |\n| **Content protection** | | |\n| Widevine | YES | \"cenc\" scheme: API 19+; \"cbcs\" scheme: API 25+ |\n| PlayReady SL2000 | YES | Android TV, \"cenc\" scheme only |\n| ClearKey | YES | API 21+, \"cenc\" scheme only |\n| **Ad insertion** | | |\n| Multi-period playback | YES | |\n| Server-guided ad insertion (xlinks) | NO | |\n| IMA server-side and client-side ads | YES | [Ad insertion guide](/media/media3/exoplayer/ad-insertion) |\n| **Live playback** | | |\n| Regular live playback | YES | |\n| Ultra low-latency CMAF live playback | YES | |\n| **Common Media Client Data** **(CMCD)** | YES | [CMCD integration guide](/media/media3/exoplayer/cmcd) |\n\nUsing MediaItem\n---------------\n\nTo play a DASH stream, you need to depend on the DASH module. \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nimplementation(\"androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-dash:1.8.0\")\n```\n\n### Groovy\n\n```groovy\nimplementation \"androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-dash:1.8.0\"\n```\n\nYou can then create a `MediaItem` for a DASH MPD URI and pass it to the player. \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\n// Create a player instance.\nval player = ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build()\n// Set the media item to be played.\nplayer.setMediaItem(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri))\n// Prepare the player.\nplayer.prepare()\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\n// Create a player instance.\nExoPlayer player = new ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build();\n// Set the media item to be played.\nplayer.setMediaItem(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri));\n// Prepare the player.\nplayer.prepare();\n```\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nIf your URI doesn't end with `.mpd`, you can pass `MimeTypes.APPLICATION_MPD`\nto `setMimeType` of `MediaItem.Builder` to explicitly indicate the type of the\ncontent.\n\nExoPlayer will automatically adapt between representations defined in the\nmanifest, taking into account both available bandwidth and device capabilities.\n\nUsing DashMediaSource\n---------------------\n\nFor more customization options, you can create a `DashMediaSource` and pass it\ndirectly to the player instead of a `MediaItem`. \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nval dataSourceFactory: DataSource.Factory = DefaultHttpDataSource.Factory()\n// Create a dash media source pointing to a dash manifest uri.\nval mediaSource: MediaSource =\n DashMediaSource.Factory(dataSourceFactory).createMediaSource(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri))\n// Create a player instance which gets an adaptive track selector by default.\nval player = ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build()\n// Set the media source to be played.\nplayer.setMediaSource(mediaSource)\n// Prepare the player.\nplayer.prepare()\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nDataSource.Factory dataSourceFactory = new DefaultHttpDataSource.Factory();\n// Create a dash media source pointing to a dash manifest uri.\nMediaSource mediaSource =\n new DashMediaSource.Factory(dataSourceFactory)\n .createMediaSource(MediaItem.fromUri(dashUri));\n// Create a player instance which gets an adaptive track selector by default.\nExoPlayer player = new ExoPlayer.Builder(context).build();\n// Set the media source to be played.\nplayer.setMediaSource(mediaSource);\n// Prepare the player.\nplayer.prepare();\n```\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nAccessing the manifest\n----------------------\n\nYou can retrieve the current manifest by calling `Player.getCurrentManifest`.\nFor DASH you should cast the returned object to `DashManifest`. The\n`onTimelineChanged` callback of `Player.Listener` is also called whenever\nthe manifest is loaded. This will happen once for a on-demand content, and\npossibly many times for live content. The following code snippet shows how an app\ncan do something whenever the manifest is loaded. \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nplayer.addListener(\n object : Player.Listener {\n override fun onTimelineChanged(timeline: Timeline, @TimelineChangeReason reason: Int) {\n val manifest = player.currentManifest\n if (manifest is DashManifest) {\n // Do something with the manifest.\n }\n }\n }\n)\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nplayer.addListener(\n new Player.Listener() {\n @Override\n public void onTimelineChanged(\n Timeline timeline, @Player.TimelineChangeReason int reason) {\n Object manifest = player.getCurrentManifest();\n if (manifest != null) {\n DashManifest dashManifest = (DashManifest) manifest;\n // Do something with the manifest.\n }\n }\n });\n```\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nCustomizing playback\n--------------------\n\nExoPlayer provides multiple ways for you to tailor playback experience to your\napp's needs. See the [Customization page](/guide/topics/media/exoplayer/customization) for examples."]]