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試試 Compose 的方式
Jetpack Compose 是 Android 推薦的 UI 工具包。瞭解如何在 Compose 中新增搜尋功能。
SearchView
和動作列僅適用於 Android 3.0 以上版本。如要支援舊版平台,您可以改用搜尋對話方塊。搜尋對話方塊是系統提供的 UI,會在叫用時重疊在應用程式上方。
設定最低 API 級別和目標 API 級別
如要設定搜尋對話方塊,請先在資訊清單中宣告您要支援舊版裝置,但目標為 Android 3.0 以上版本。這樣一來,應用程式會自動在 Android 3.0 以上版本使用動作列,並在舊版裝置上使用傳統選單系統:
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" android:targetSdkVersion="15" />
<application>
...
為舊版裝置提供搜尋對話方塊
如要在舊版裝置上叫用搜尋對話方塊,請在使用者從選項選單中選取搜尋選單項目時呼叫 onSearchRequested()
。由於 Android 3.0 以上版本的裝置會在動作列中顯示 SearchView
(如第一堂課所示),因此只有 3.0 以下版本會在使用者選取搜尋選單項目時呼叫 onOptionsItemSelected()
。
Kotlin
override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {
return when (item.itemId) {
R.id.search -> {
onSearchRequested()
true
}
else -> false
}
}
Java
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.search:
onSearchRequested();
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
在執行階段檢查 Android 建構版本
在執行階段,請檢查裝置版本,確保較舊裝置不會發生 SearchView
的未支援用法。在範例程式碼中,這會發生在 onCreateOptionsMenu()
方法中:
Kotlin
override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu): Boolean {
menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu)
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {
val searchManager = getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE) as SearchManager
(menu.findItem(R.id.search).actionView as SearchView).apply {
setSearchableInfo(searchManager.getSearchableInfo(componentName))
setIconifiedByDefault(false)
}
}
return true
}
Java
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {
SearchManager searchManager =
(SearchManager) getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE);
SearchView searchView =
(SearchView) menu.findItem(R.id.search).getActionView();
searchView.setSearchableInfo(
searchManager.getSearchableInfo(getComponentName()));
searchView.setIconifiedByDefault(false);
}
return true;
}
這個頁面中的內容和程式碼範例均受《內容授權》中的授權所規範。Java 與 OpenJDK 是 Oracle 和/或其關係企業的商標或註冊商標。
上次更新時間:2025-08-23 (世界標準時間)。
[null,null,["上次更新時間:2025-08-23 (世界標準時間)。"],[],[],null,["# Remaining Backward Compatible\n\nTry the Compose way \nJetpack Compose is the recommended UI toolkit for Android. Learn how to add search functionality in Compose. \n[Filter a list →](/develop/ui/compose/quick-guides/content/filter-list-while-typing) \n\nThe [SearchView](/reference/android/widget/SearchView) and action bar are only available on Android 3.0 and\nlater. To support older platforms, you can fall back to the search dialog. The search dialog is a\nsystem provided UI that overlays on top of your application when invoked.\n\nSet Minimum and Target API levels\n---------------------------------\n\nTo setup the search dialog, first declare in your manifest that you want to support older\ndevices, but want to target Android 3.0 or later versions. When you do this, your application\nautomatically uses the action bar on Android 3.0 or later and uses the traditional menu system on\nolder devices: \n\n```xml\n\u003cuses-sdk android:minSdkVersion=\"7\" android:targetSdkVersion=\"15\" /\u003e\n\n\u003capplication\u003e\n...\n```\n\nProvide the Search Dialog for Older Devices\n-------------------------------------------\n\nTo invoke the search dialog on older devices, call [onSearchRequested()](/reference/android/app/Activity#onSearchRequested()) whenever a user selects the search\nmenu item from the options menu. Because Android 3.0 and higher devices show the\n[SearchView](/reference/android/widget/SearchView) in the action bar (as demonstrated in the first lesson), only versions\nolder than 3.0 call [onOptionsItemSelected()](/reference/android/app/Activity#onOptionsItemSelected(android.view.MenuItem)) when the\nuser selects the search menu item. \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\noverride fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {\n return when (item.itemId) {\n R.id.search -\u003e {\n onSearchRequested()\n true\n }\n else -\u003e false\n }\n}\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\n@Override\npublic boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {\n switch (item.getItemId()) {\n case R.id.search:\n onSearchRequested();\n return true;\n default:\n return false;\n }\n}\n```\n\nCheck the Android Build Version at Runtime\n------------------------------------------\n\nAt runtime, check the device version to make sure an unsupported use of [SearchView](/reference/android/widget/SearchView) does not occur on older devices. In our example code, this happens in\nthe [onCreateOptionsMenu()](/reference/android/app/Activity#onCreateOptionsMenu(android.view.Menu)) method: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\noverride fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu): Boolean {\n\n menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu)\n\n if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT \u003e= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {\n val searchManager = getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE) as SearchManager\n (menu.findItem(R.id.search).actionView as SearchView).apply {\n setSearchableInfo(searchManager.getSearchableInfo(componentName))\n setIconifiedByDefault(false)\n }\n }\n return true\n}\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\n@Override\npublic boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {\n\n MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();\n inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);\n\n if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT \u003e= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {\n SearchManager searchManager =\n (SearchManager) getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE);\n SearchView searchView =\n (SearchView) menu.findItem(R.id.search).getActionView();\n searchView.setSearchableInfo(\n searchManager.getSearchableInfo(getComponentName()));\n searchView.setIconifiedByDefault(false);\n }\n return true;\n}\n```"]]