Objects
public
final
class
Objects
extends Object
java.lang.Object | |
↳ | java.util.Objects |
This class consists of static
utility methods for operating
on objects, or checking certain conditions before operation. These utilities
include null
-safe or null
-tolerant methods for computing the
hash code of an object, returning a string for an object, comparing two
objects, and checking if indexes or sub-range values are out of bounds.
Summary
Public methods | |
---|---|
static
long
|
checkFromIndexSize(long fromIndex, long size, long length)
Checks if the sub-range from |
static
int
|
checkFromIndexSize(int fromIndex, int size, int length)
Checks if the sub-range from |
static
int
|
checkFromToIndex(int fromIndex, int toIndex, int length)
Checks if the sub-range from |
static
long
|
checkFromToIndex(long fromIndex, long toIndex, long length)
Checks if the sub-range from |
static
long
|
checkIndex(long index, long length)
Checks if the |
static
int
|
checkIndex(int index, int length)
Checks if the |
static
<T>
int
|
compare(T a, T b, Comparator<? super T> c)
Returns 0 if the arguments are identical and |
static
boolean
|
deepEquals(Object a, Object b)
Returns |
static
boolean
|
equals(Object a, Object b)
Returns |
static
int
|
hash(Object... values)
Generates a hash code for a sequence of input values. |
static
int
|
hashCode(Object o)
Returns the hash code of a non- |
static
boolean
|
isNull(Object obj)
Returns |
static
boolean
|
nonNull(Object obj)
Returns |
static
<T>
T
|
requireNonNull(T obj, String message)
Checks that the specified object reference is not |
static
<T>
T
|
requireNonNull(T obj, Supplier<String> messageSupplier)
Checks that the specified object reference is not |
static
<T>
T
|
requireNonNull(T obj)
Checks that the specified object reference is not |
static
<T>
T
|
requireNonNullElse(T obj, T defaultObj)
Returns the first argument if it is non- |
static
<T>
T
|
requireNonNullElseGet(T obj, Supplier<? extends T> supplier)
Returns the first argument if it is non- |
static
String
|
toIdentityString(Object o)
|
static
String
|
toString(Object o)
Returns the result of calling |
static
String
|
toString(Object o, String nullDefault)
Returns the result of calling |
Inherited methods | |
---|---|
Public methods
checkFromIndexSize
public static long checkFromIndexSize (long fromIndex, long size, long length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex
(inclusive) to
fromIndex + size
(exclusive) is within the bounds of range from
0
(inclusive) to length
(exclusive).
The sub-range is defined to be out of bounds if any of the following inequalities is true:
fromIndex < 0
size < 0
fromIndex + size > length
, taking into account integer overflowlength < 0
, which is implied from the former inequalities
Parameters | |
---|---|
fromIndex |
long : the lower-bound (inclusive) of the sub-interval |
size |
long : the size of the sub-range |
length |
long : the upper-bound (exclusive) of the range |
Returns | |
---|---|
long |
fromIndex if the sub-range within bounds of the range |
Throws | |
---|---|
IndexOutOfBoundsException |
if the sub-range is out of bounds |
checkFromIndexSize
public static int checkFromIndexSize (int fromIndex, int size, int length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex
(inclusive) to
fromIndex + size
(exclusive) is within the bounds of range from
0
(inclusive) to length
(exclusive).
The sub-range is defined to be out of bounds if any of the following inequalities is true:
fromIndex < 0
size < 0
fromIndex + size > length
, taking into account integer overflowlength < 0
, which is implied from the former inequalities
Parameters | |
---|---|
fromIndex |
int : the lower-bound (inclusive) of the sub-interval |
size |
int : the size of the sub-range |
length |
int : the upper-bound (exclusive) of the range |
Returns | |
---|---|
int |
fromIndex if the sub-range within bounds of the range |
Throws | |
---|---|
IndexOutOfBoundsException |
if the sub-range is out of bounds |
checkFromToIndex
public static int checkFromToIndex (int fromIndex, int toIndex, int length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex
(inclusive) to
toIndex
(exclusive) is within the bounds of range from 0
(inclusive) to length
(exclusive).
The sub-range is defined to be out of bounds if any of the following inequalities is true:
fromIndex < 0
fromIndex > toIndex
toIndex > length
length < 0
, which is implied from the former inequalities
Parameters | |
---|---|
fromIndex |
int : the lower-bound (inclusive) of the sub-range |
toIndex |
int : the upper-bound (exclusive) of the sub-range |
length |
int : the upper-bound (exclusive) the range |
Returns | |
---|---|
int |
fromIndex if the sub-range within bounds of the range |
Throws | |
---|---|
IndexOutOfBoundsException |
if the sub-range is out of bounds |
checkFromToIndex
public static long checkFromToIndex (long fromIndex, long toIndex, long length)
Checks if the sub-range from fromIndex
(inclusive) to
toIndex
(exclusive) is within the bounds of range from 0
(inclusive) to length
(exclusive).
The sub-range is defined to be out of bounds if any of the following inequalities is true:
fromIndex < 0
fromIndex > toIndex
toIndex > length
length < 0
, which is implied from the former inequalities
Parameters | |
---|---|
fromIndex |
long : the lower-bound (inclusive) of the sub-range |
toIndex |
long : the upper-bound (exclusive) of the sub-range |
length |
long : the upper-bound (exclusive) the range |
Returns | |
---|---|
long |
fromIndex if the sub-range within bounds of the range |
Throws | |
---|---|
IndexOutOfBoundsException |
if the sub-range is out of bounds |
checkIndex
public static long checkIndex (long index, long length)
Checks if the index
is within the bounds of the range from
0
(inclusive) to length
(exclusive).
The index
is defined to be out of bounds if any of the
following inequalities is true:
index < 0
index >= length
length < 0
, which is implied from the former inequalities
Parameters | |
---|---|
index |
long : the index |
length |
long : the upper-bound (exclusive) of the range |
Returns | |
---|---|
long |
index if it is within bounds of the range |
Throws | |
---|---|
IndexOutOfBoundsException |
if the index is out of bounds |
checkIndex
public static int checkIndex (int index, int length)
Checks if the index
is within the bounds of the range from
0
(inclusive) to length
(exclusive).
The index
is defined to be out of bounds if any of the
following inequalities is true:
index < 0
index >= length
length < 0
, which is implied from the former inequalities
Parameters | |
---|---|
index |
int : the index |
length |
int : the upper-bound (exclusive) of the range |
Returns | |
---|---|
int |
index if it is within bounds of the range |
Throws | |
---|---|
IndexOutOfBoundsException |
if the index is out of bounds |
compare
public static int compare (T a, T b, Comparator<? super T> c)
Returns 0 if the arguments are identical and c.compare(a, b)
otherwise.
Consequently, if both arguments are null
0
is returned.
Note that if one of the arguments is null
, a NullPointerException
may or may not be thrown depending on
what ordering policy, if any, the Comparator
chooses to have for null
values.
Parameters | |
---|---|
a |
T : an object |
b |
T : an object to be compared with a |
c |
Comparator : the Comparator to compare the first two arguments |
Returns | |
---|---|
int |
0 if the arguments are identical and c.compare(a, b) otherwise. |
See also:
deepEquals
public static boolean deepEquals (Object a, Object b)
Returns true
if the arguments are deeply equal to each other
and false
otherwise.
Two null
values are deeply equal. If both arguments are
arrays, the algorithm in Arrays.deepEquals
is used to determine equality.
Otherwise, equality is determined by using the equals
method of the first argument.
Parameters | |
---|---|
a |
Object : an object |
b |
Object : an object to be compared with a for deep equality |
Returns | |
---|---|
boolean |
true if the arguments are deeply equal to each other
and false otherwise |
equals
public static boolean equals (Object a, Object b)
Returns true
if the arguments are equal to each other
and false
otherwise.
Consequently, if both arguments are null
, true
is returned. Otherwise, if the first argument is not null
, equality is determined by calling the equals
method of the first argument with the
second argument of this method. Otherwise, false
is
returned.
Parameters | |
---|---|
a |
Object : an object |
b |
Object : an object to be compared with a for equality |
Returns | |
---|---|
boolean |
true if the arguments are equal to each other
and false otherwise |
See also:
hash
public static int hash (Object... values)
Generates a hash code for a sequence of input values. The hash
code is generated as if all the input values were placed into an
array, and that array were hashed by calling Arrays.hashCode(java.lang.Object[])
.
This method is useful for implementing Object.hashCode()
on objects containing multiple fields. For
example, if an object that has three fields, x
, y
, and z
, one could write:
Warning: When a single object reference is supplied, the returned value does not equal the hash code of that object reference. This value can be computed by calling @Override public int hashCode() { return Objects.hash(x, y, z); }
hashCode(java.lang.Object)
.
Parameters | |
---|---|
values |
Object : the values to be hashed |
Returns | |
---|---|
int |
a hash value of the sequence of input values |
See also:
hashCode
public static int hashCode (Object o)
Returns the hash code of a non-null
argument and 0 for
a null
argument.
Parameters | |
---|---|
o |
Object : an object |
Returns | |
---|---|
int |
the hash code of a non-null argument and 0 for
a null argument |
See also:
isNull
public static boolean isNull (Object obj)
Returns true
if the provided reference is null
otherwise
returns false
.
API Note:
- This method exists to be used as a
Predicate
,filter(Objects::isNull)
Parameters | |
---|---|
obj |
Object : a reference to be checked against null |
Returns | |
---|---|
boolean |
true if the provided reference is null otherwise
false |
See also:
nonNull
public static boolean nonNull (Object obj)
Returns true
if the provided reference is non-null
otherwise returns false
.
API Note:
- This method exists to be used as a
Predicate
,filter(Objects::nonNull)
Parameters | |
---|---|
obj |
Object : a reference to be checked against null |
Returns | |
---|---|
boolean |
true if the provided reference is non-null
otherwise false |
See also:
requireNonNull
public static T requireNonNull (T obj, String message)
Checks that the specified object reference is not null
and
throws a customized NullPointerException
if it is. This method
is designed primarily for doing parameter validation in methods and
constructors with multiple parameters, as demonstrated below:
public Foo(Bar bar, Baz baz) { this.bar = Objects.requireNonNull(bar, "bar must not be null"); this.baz = Objects.requireNonNull(baz, "baz must not be null"); }
Parameters | |
---|---|
obj |
T : the object reference to check for nullity |
message |
String : detail message to be used in the event that a NullPointerException is thrown |
Returns | |
---|---|
T |
obj if not null |
Throws | |
---|---|
NullPointerException |
if obj is null |
requireNonNull
public static T requireNonNull (T obj, Supplier<String> messageSupplier)
Checks that the specified object reference is not null
and
throws a customized NullPointerException
if it is.
Unlike the method requireNonNull(java.lang.Object, java.lang.String)
,
this method allows creation of the message to be deferred until
after the null check is made. While this may confer a
performance advantage in the non-null case, when deciding to
call this method care should be taken that the costs of
creating the message supplier are less than the cost of just
creating the string message directly.
Parameters | |
---|---|
obj |
T : the object reference to check for nullity |
messageSupplier |
Supplier : supplier of the detail message to be
used in the event that a NullPointerException is thrown |
Returns | |
---|---|
T |
obj if not null |
Throws | |
---|---|
NullPointerException |
if obj is null |
requireNonNull
public static T requireNonNull (T obj)
Checks that the specified object reference is not null
. This
method is designed primarily for doing parameter validation in methods
and constructors, as demonstrated below:
public Foo(Bar bar) { this.bar = Objects.requireNonNull(bar); }
Parameters | |
---|---|
obj |
T : the object reference to check for nullity |
Returns | |
---|---|
T |
obj if not null |
Throws | |
---|---|
NullPointerException |
if obj is null |
requireNonNullElse
public static T requireNonNullElse (T obj, T defaultObj)
Returns the first argument if it is non-null
and
otherwise returns the non-null
second argument.
Parameters | |
---|---|
obj |
T : an object |
defaultObj |
T : a non-null object to return if the first argument
is null |
Returns | |
---|---|
T |
the first argument if it is non-null and
otherwise the second argument if it is non-null |
Throws | |
---|---|
NullPointerException |
if both obj is null and
defaultObj is null |
requireNonNullElseGet
public static T requireNonNullElseGet (T obj, Supplier<? extends T> supplier)
Returns the first argument if it is non-null
and otherwise
returns the non-null
value of supplier.get()
.
Parameters | |
---|---|
obj |
T : an object |
supplier |
Supplier : of a non-null object to return if the first argument
is null |
Returns | |
---|---|
T |
the first argument if it is non-null and otherwise
the value from supplier.get() if it is non-null |
Throws | |
---|---|
NullPointerException |
if both obj is null and
either the supplier is null or
the supplier.get() value is null |
toIdentityString
public static String toIdentityString (Object o)
Implementation Note:
- This method constructs a string for an object without calling any overridable methods of the object.
Implementation Requirements:
- The method returns a string equivalent to:
o.getClass().getName() + "@" + Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(o))
Parameters | |
---|---|
o |
Object : an object |
Returns | |
---|---|
String |
a string equivalent to the string returned by Object.toString if that method and hashCode are not
overridden |
Throws | |
---|---|
NullPointerException |
if the argument is null |
toString
public static String toString (Object o)
Returns the result of calling toString
for a non-null
argument and "null"
for a null
argument.
Parameters | |
---|---|
o |
Object : an object |
Returns | |
---|---|
String |
the result of calling toString for a non-null argument and "null" for a null argument |
See also:
toString
public static String toString (Object o, String nullDefault)
Returns the result of calling toString
on the first
argument if the first argument is not null
and returns
the second argument otherwise.
Parameters | |
---|---|
o |
Object : an object |
nullDefault |
String : string to return if the first argument is
null |
Returns | |
---|---|
String |
the result of calling toString on the first
argument if it is not null and the second argument
otherwise. |
See also: